Patients are cautioned of abruptly stopping their Topamax medication as it may lead to Topamax withdrawal side effects, after more and more studies link Topamax, the brand name of Topiramate, to more birth defects. The health of their babies could be compromised should pregnant women take Topamax despite its being the drug of choice in effectively reducing the frequency and intensity of epileptic seizures and migraines.
Pregnant women who are taking Topamax are putting their babies at high risk of developing birth defects, studies say. Compared to infants who are exposed to other antiepileptic drugs, infants exposed to Topamax during the first trimester of pregnancy have twice the risk of developing cleft lip and cleft palate based on the data from the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry. Infants exposed to Topamax are 11 times more likely to develop cleft lip or cleft palate, and 14 times more likely to develop genital defects like hypospadias, compared to the general population, stated another study published on the Journal Neurology in 2008. A genital birth defect among male infants wherein their urethras are misplaced is known as Hypospadias. In infants with Hypospadias, their urethra is located on the underside of the penis instead of at the end of the penis.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has reclassified Topamax from Pregnant Category C to D since its approval in 1996 for the treatment of epilepsy. This means there is positive human evidence that Topamax has the potential to cause significant harm to a fetus when taken during pregnancy. Aside from treating epilepsy, the FDA also indicated the antiepileptic drug for the prevention of migraine headaches in 2004. In view of these serious malformations that may affect their newborns, the FDA recommended for all women of childbearing age to consider alternative medications that have a lower risk of birth defects than Topamax.
Doctors should be consulted first before pregnant women or those still planning to get pregnant decide to stop taking the medication because they could suffer from withdrawal symptoms. The benefits of getting treated with Topamax should outweigh the dangers it poses to an infant because of the seriousness of the Topamax side effects, and that is what both patient and doctor should keep in mind.